Global Gas Mixer Market Size, Industry Analysis By Segmentations, Top Key Players, Trends, Future Development & Forecast 2024-2035
- PUBLISHED ON
- 9/22/2022
- NO OF PAGES
- 232
- CATEGORY
- Others
The Gas Mixer market report is a perfect foundation for people looking out for a comprehensive study and analysis of the Gas Mixer market. On the basis of historic growth analysis and current scenario of Gas Mixer market place, the report intends to offer actionable insights and outlook on global / regional market growth projections. Authenticated data presented in report is based on findings of extensive primary and secondary research. Insights drawn from data serve as excellent tool that facilitate deeper understanding of multiple aspects of global Gas Mixer market. These further helps users with their developmental strategy.
This report examines all the key factors influencing growth of global Gas Mixer market, including demand-supply scenario, pricing structure, profit margins, production and value chain / ecosystem analysis. Regional assessment of global Gas Mixer market unlocks a plethora of untapped opportunities in regional and domestic market places. Detailed company profiling enables users to evaluate company shares analysis, emerging product lines, scope of NPD in new markets, pricing strategies, innovation possibilities and much more.
Global Gas Mixer Market: Major Players
Xylem
Dameca
OES Medical
Sechrist Industries
Philadelphia mixing solutions
SPX flow
Foures
EKATO HOLDING GmbH
Chemineer
Bio-Med Devices
JBW Systems
Sulzer Ltd
Global Gas Mixer Market: By Types
Manual Gas Mixers
Semi-Automatic Gas Mixers
Automatic Gas Mixers
Global Gas Mixer Market: By Applications
Pharmaceutical and Chemical Industries
Food And Beverages Industry
Healthcare Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Other Industries
Global Gas Mixer Market: Regional Analysis
All the regional segmentation has been studied based on recent and future trends, and the market is forecasted throughout the prediction period. The countries covered in the regional analysis of the Global Gas Mixer market report are U.S., Canada, and Mexico in North America, Germany, France, U.K., Russia, Italy, Spain, Turkey, Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, and Rest of Europe in Europe, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, China, Japan, India, South Korea, Rest of Asia-Pacific (APAC) in the Asia-Pacific (APAC), Saudi Arabia, U.A.E, South Africa, Egypt, Israel, Rest of Middle East and Africa (MEA) as a part of Middle East and Africa (MEA), and Argentina, Brazil, and Rest of South America as part of South America.
Global Gas Mixer Market: Market Size Estimation
Both the top-down and bottom-up approaches were used to estimate and validate the size of the market and to estimate the size of various other dependent sub-markets of various marketspaces. The key players in the markets are identified through secondary research, and their market contributions in different applications across regions and globally were determined through primary and secondary research. This entire process included the study of the annual and financial reports of the top market players and extensive interviews for key insights with industry leaders such as CEOs, VPs, directors, and marketing executives. All percentage shares, splits, and breakdowns were determined using secondary sources and verified through primary sources. All the possible parameters that affect the market covered in this research study have been accounted for, viewed in extensive detail, verified through primary research, and analysed to arrive at the final quantitative and qualitative data. This data has been consolidated, and detailed inputs and analysis from Analytics Market Research added before being presented in this report.
Frequently Asked Questions
• What is the market size and growth projections?
• What is the market size and growth projection for each of the market segments and sub-segments across Countries & Regions?
• What are the top performing segments, and countries / regions of each of the markets?
• What is the market size and growth rate across key countries / regions?
• How big is the global & regional market in terms of revenue and volume?
• How far market will grow in forecast period in terms of revenue and volume?
• What factors will influence demand and supply trends across each markets during the forecast period?
• What are the technology trends shaping various markets?
• Which country / region has more opportunities?
• What is the COVID-19 impact on the market and how long will it take to recover?
• Who are the key competitors of market Players?
• What are the market share (%) of Key Players?
• What are the Merger & Acquisition, New Product Launch, Recent Development within each of the Markets?
• What are PEST analysis, Ecosystem Analysis, Porter's Five Forecast Analysis, Ansoff Matrix, and SWOT Analysis among other analyses for diverse markets?
Base Year: 2023This report examines all the key factors influencing growth of global Gas Mixer market, including demand-supply scenario, pricing structure, profit margins, production and value chain / ecosystem analysis. Regional assessment of global Gas Mixer market unlocks a plethora of untapped opportunities in regional and domestic market places. Detailed company profiling enables users to evaluate company shares analysis, emerging product lines, scope of NPD in new markets, pricing strategies, innovation possibilities and much more.
Global Gas Mixer Market: Major Players
Xylem
Dameca
OES Medical
Sechrist Industries
Philadelphia mixing solutions
SPX flow
Foures
EKATO HOLDING GmbH
Chemineer
Bio-Med Devices
JBW Systems
Sulzer Ltd
Global Gas Mixer Market: By Types
Manual Gas Mixers
Semi-Automatic Gas Mixers
Automatic Gas Mixers
Global Gas Mixer Market: By Applications
Pharmaceutical and Chemical Industries
Food And Beverages Industry
Healthcare Industry
Manufacturing Industry
Other Industries
Global Gas Mixer Market: Regional Analysis
All the regional segmentation has been studied based on recent and future trends, and the market is forecasted throughout the prediction period. The countries covered in the regional analysis of the Global Gas Mixer market report are U.S., Canada, and Mexico in North America, Germany, France, U.K., Russia, Italy, Spain, Turkey, Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, and Rest of Europe in Europe, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, China, Japan, India, South Korea, Rest of Asia-Pacific (APAC) in the Asia-Pacific (APAC), Saudi Arabia, U.A.E, South Africa, Egypt, Israel, Rest of Middle East and Africa (MEA) as a part of Middle East and Africa (MEA), and Argentina, Brazil, and Rest of South America as part of South America.
Global Gas Mixer Market: Market Size Estimation
Both the top-down and bottom-up approaches were used to estimate and validate the size of the market and to estimate the size of various other dependent sub-markets of various marketspaces. The key players in the markets are identified through secondary research, and their market contributions in different applications across regions and globally were determined through primary and secondary research. This entire process included the study of the annual and financial reports of the top market players and extensive interviews for key insights with industry leaders such as CEOs, VPs, directors, and marketing executives. All percentage shares, splits, and breakdowns were determined using secondary sources and verified through primary sources. All the possible parameters that affect the market covered in this research study have been accounted for, viewed in extensive detail, verified through primary research, and analysed to arrive at the final quantitative and qualitative data. This data has been consolidated, and detailed inputs and analysis from Analytics Market Research added before being presented in this report.
Frequently Asked Questions
• What is the market size and growth projections?
• What is the market size and growth projection for each of the market segments and sub-segments across Countries & Regions?
• What are the top performing segments, and countries / regions of each of the markets?
• What is the market size and growth rate across key countries / regions?
• How big is the global & regional market in terms of revenue and volume?
• How far market will grow in forecast period in terms of revenue and volume?
• What factors will influence demand and supply trends across each markets during the forecast period?
• What are the technology trends shaping various markets?
• Which country / region has more opportunities?
• What is the COVID-19 impact on the market and how long will it take to recover?
• Who are the key competitors of market Players?
• What are the market share (%) of Key Players?
• What are the Merger & Acquisition, New Product Launch, Recent Development within each of the Markets?
• What are PEST analysis, Ecosystem Analysis, Porter's Five Forecast Analysis, Ansoff Matrix, and SWOT Analysis among other analyses for diverse markets?
Historic Year: 2016-2022
Forecast: 2024-2035
1 Gas Mixer Market Definition and Overview
1.1 Objectives of the Study
1.2 Overview of Gas Mixer
1.3 Gas Mixer Market Scope and Market Size Estimation
1.4 Market Segmentation
1.4.1 Types of Gas Mixer
1.4.2 Applications of Gas Mixer
1.5 Market Exchange Rate
2 Research Method and Logic
2.1 Methodology
2.2 Research Data Source
3 Market Competition Analysis
3.1 Xylem Market Performance Analysis
3.1.1 Xylem Basic Information
3.1.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.1.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.1.4 Xylem Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.2 Dameca Market Performance Analysis
3.2.1 Dameca Basic Information
3.2.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.2.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.2.4 Dameca Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.3 OES Medical Market Performance Analysis
3.3.1 OES Medical Basic Information
3.3.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.3.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.3.4 OES Medical Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.4 Sechrist Industries Market Performance Analysis
3.4.1 Sechrist Industries Basic Information
3.4.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.4.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.4.4 Sechrist Industries Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.5 Philadelphia mixing solutions Market Performance Analysis
3.5.1 Philadelphia mixing solutions Basic Information
3.5.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.5.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.5.4 Philadelphia mixing solutions Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.6 SPX flow Market Performance Analysis
3.6.1 SPX flow Basic Information
3.6.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.6.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.6.4 SPX flow Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.7 Foures Market Performance Analysis
3.7.1 Foures Basic Information
3.7.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.7.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.7.4 Foures Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.8 EKATO HOLDING GmbH Market Performance Analysis
3.8.1 EKATO HOLDING GmbH Basic Information
3.8.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.8.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.8.4 EKATO HOLDING GmbH Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.9 Chemineer Market Performance Analysis
3.9.1 Chemineer Basic Information
3.9.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.9.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.9.4 Chemineer Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.10 Bio-Med Devices Market Performance Analysis
3.10.1 Bio-Med Devices Basic Information
3.10.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.10.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.10.4 Bio-Med Devices Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.11 JBW Systems Market Performance Analysis
3.11.1 JBW Systems Basic Information
3.11.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.11.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.11.4 JBW Systems Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.12 Sulzer Ltd Market Performance Analysis
3.12.1 Sulzer Ltd Basic Information
3.12.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.12.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.12.4 Sulzer Ltd Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
4 Market Segment by Type, Historical Data and Market Forecasts
4.1 Global Gas Mixer Production and Value by Type
4.1.1 Global Gas Mixer Production by Type 2016-2021
4.1.2 Global Gas Mixer Market Value by Type 2016-2021
4.2 Global Gas Mixer Market Production, Value and Growth Rate by Type 2016-2021
4.2.1 Manual Gas Mixers Market Production, Value and Growth Rate
4.2.2 Semi-Automatic Gas Mixers Market Production, Value and Growth Rate
4.2.3 Automatic Gas Mixers Market Production, Value and Growth Rate
4.3 Global Gas Mixer Production and Value Forecast by Type
4.3.1 Global Gas Mixer Production Forecast by Type 2021-2026
4.3.2 Global Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast by Type 2021-2026
4.4 Global Gas Mixer Market Production, Value and Growth Rate by Type Forecast 2021-2026
4.4.1 Manual Gas Mixers Market Production, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
4.4.2 Semi-Automatic Gas Mixers Market Production, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
4.4.3 Automatic Gas Mixers Market Production, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
5 Market Segment by Application, Historical Data and Market Forecasts
5.1 Global Gas Mixer Consumption and Value by Application
5.1.1 Global Gas Mixer Consumption by Application 2016-2021
5.1.2 Global Gas Mixer Market Value by Application 2016-2021
5.2 Global Gas Mixer Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate by Application 2016-2021
5.2.1 Pharmaceutical and Chemical Industries Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate
5.2.2 Food And Beverages Industry Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate
5.2.3 Healthcare Industry Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate
5.2.4 Manufacturing Industry Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate
5.2.5 Other Industries Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate
5.3 Global Gas Mixer Consumption and Value Forecast by Application
5.3.1 Global Gas Mixer Consumption Forecast by Application 2021-2026
5.3.2 Global Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast by Application 2021-2026
5.4 Global Gas Mixer Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate by Application Forecast 2021-2026
5.4.1 Pharmaceutical and Chemical Industries Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
5.4.2 Food And Beverages Industry Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
5.4.3 Healthcare Industry Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
5.4.4 Manufacturing Industry Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
5.4.5 Other Industries Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
6 Global Gas Mixer by Region, Historical Data and Market Forecasts
6.1 Global Gas Mixer Sales by Region 2016-2021
6.2 Global Gas Mixer Market Value by Region 2016-2021
6.3 Global Gas Mixer Market Sales, Value and Growth Rate by Region 2016-2021
6.3.1 North America
6.3.2 Europe
6.3.3 Asia Pacific
6.3.4 South America
6.3.5 Middle East and Africa
6.4 Global Gas Mixer Sales Forecast by Region 2021-2026
6.5 Global Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast by Region 2021-2026
6.6 Global Gas Mixer Market Sales, Value and Growth Rate Forecast by Region 2021-2026
6.6.1 North America
6.6.2 Europe
6.6.3 Asia Pacific
6.6.4 South America
6.6.5 Middle East and Africa
7 United State Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
7.1 United State Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
7.2 United State Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
7.3 United State Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
8 Canada Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
8.1 Canada Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
8.2 Canada Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
8.3 Canada Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
9 Germany Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
9.1 Germany Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
9.2 Germany Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
9.3 Germany Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
10 UK Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
10.1 UK Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
10.2 UK Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
10.3 UK Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
11 France Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
11.1 France Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
11.2 France Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
11.3 France Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
12 Italy Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
12.1 Italy Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
12.2 Italy Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
12.3 Italy Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
13 Spain Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
13.1 Spain Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
13.2 Spain Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
13.3 Spain Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
14 Russia Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
14.1 Russia Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
14.2 Russia Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
14.3 Russia Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
15 China Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
15.1 China Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
15.2 China Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
15.3 China Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
16 Japan Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
16.1 Japan Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
16.2 Japan Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
16.3 Japan Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
17 South Korea Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
17.1 South Korea Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
17.2 South Korea Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
17.3 South Korea Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
18 Australia Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
18.1 Australia Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
18.2 Australia Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
18.3 Australia Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
19 Thailand Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
19.1 Thailand Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
19.2 Thailand Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
19.3 Thailand Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
20 Brazil Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
20.1 Brazil Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
20.2 Brazil Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
20.3 Brazil Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
21 Argentina Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
21.1 Argentina Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
21.2 Argentina Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
21.3 Argentina Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
22 Chile Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
22.1 Chile Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
22.2 Chile Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
22.3 Chile Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
23 South Africa Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
23.1 South Africa Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
23.2 South Africa Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
23.3 South Africa Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
24 Egypt Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
24.1 Egypt Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
24.2 Egypt Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
24.3 Egypt Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
25 UAE Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
25.1 UAE Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
25.2 UAE Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
25.3 UAE Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
26 Saudi Arabia Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
26.1 Saudi Arabia Gas Mixer Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
26.2 Saudi Arabia Gas Mixer Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
26.3 Saudi Arabia Gas Mixer Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
27 Market Dynamic Analysis and Development Suggestions
27.1 Market Drivers
27.2 Market Development Constraints
27.3 PEST Analysis
27.3.1 Political Factors
27.3.2 Economic Factors
27.3.3 Social Factors
27.3.4 Technological Factors
27.4 Industry Trends Under COVID-19
27.4.1 Risk Assessment on COVID-19
27.4.2 Assessment of the Overall Impact of COVID-19 on the Industry
27.4.3 Pre COVID-19 and Post COVID-19 Market Scenario
27.5 Market Entry Strategy Analysis
27.5.1 Market Definition
27.5.2 Client
27.5.3 Distribution Model
27.5.4 Product Messaging and Positioning
27.5.5 Price
27.6 Advice on Entering the Market
Quality Assurance Process
- We Market Research’s Quality Assurance program strives to deliver superior value to our clients.
We Market Research senior executive is assigned to each consulting engagement and works closely with the project team to deliver as per the clients expectations.
Market Research Process
We Market Research monitors 3 important attributes during the QA process- Cost, Schedule & Quality. We believe them as a critical benchmark in achieving a project’s success.
To mitigate risks that can impact project success, we deploy the follow project delivery best practices:
- Project kickoff meeting with client
- Conduct frequent client communications
- Form project steering committee
- Assign a senior SR executive as QA Executive
- Conduct internal editorial & quality reviews of project deliverables
- Certify project staff in SR methodologies & standards
- Monitor client satisfaction
- Monitor realized value post-project
Case Study- Automotive Sector
One of the key manufacturers of automotive had plans to invest in electric utility vehicles. The electric cars and associated markets being a of evolving nature, the automotive client approached Straits Research for a detailed insight on the market forecasts. The client specifically asked for competitive analysis, regulatory framework, regional prospects studied under the influence of drivers, challenges, opportunities, and pricing in terms of revenue and sales (million units).
Solution
The overall study was executed in three stages, intending to help the client meet its objective of precisely understanding the entire market before deciding on an investment. At first, secondary research was conducted considering political, economic, social, and technological parameters to get a gist of the various aspects of the market. This stage of the study concluded with the derivation of drivers, opportunities, and challenges. It also laid substantial emphasis on understanding and collecting data not only on a global scale but also on the regional and country levels. Data Extraction through Primary Research
The second stage involved primary research in which several market players and automotive parts suppliers were contacted to study their viewpoint concerning the development of their market and production capacity, clientele, and product line. This stage concluded in a brief understanding of the competitive ecosystem and also glanced through the strategies and pricing of the companies profiled.
Market Estimates and Forecast
In the final stage of the study, market forecasts for the electric utility were derived using multiple market engineering approaches. This data helped the client to get an overview of the market and accelerate the process of investment.
Case Study- ICT Sector
Business process outsourcing, being one of the lucrative markets from both supply- and demand- side, has appealed to various companies. One of the prominent corporations based out of Japan approached us with their requirements regarding the scope of the procurement outsourcing market for around 50 countries. Additionally, the client also sought key players operating in the market and their revenue breakdown in terms of region and application.
Business Solution
An exhaustive market study was conducted based on primary and secondary research that involved factors such as labor costs in various countries, skilled and technical labors, manufacturing scenario, and their respective contributions in the global GDP. A comparative study of the market was conducted from both supply- and demand side, with the supply-side comprising of notable companies, such as GEP, Accenture, and others, that provide these services. On the other hand, large manufacturing companies from them demand-side were considered that opt for these services.
Conclusion
The report aided the client in understanding the market trends, including country-level business scenarios, consumer behavior, and trends in 50 countries. The report also provided financial insights of crucial players and detailed market estimations and forecasts till 2028.
}})
Pricing
Select a license type that suits your business needs
Single User Access
US $3950
Only Three Thousand Nine Hundred Fifty US dollar
- 1 User access
- 15% Additional Free Customization
- Free Unlimited post-sale support
- 100% Service Guarantee until achievement of ROI
Multi User Cost
US $4950
Only Four Thousand Nine Hundred Fifty US dollar
- 5 Users access
- 25% Additional Free Customization
- Access Report summaries for Free
- Guaranteed service
- Dedicated Account Manager
- Discount of 20% on next purchase
- Get personalized market brief from Lead Author
- Printing of Report permitted
- Discount of 20% on next purchase
- 100% Service Guarantee until achievement of ROI
Enterprise User Cost
US $5950
Only Five Thousand Nine Hundred Fifty US dollar
- Unlimited User Access
- 30% Additional Free Customization
- Exclusive Previews to latest or upcoming reports
- Discount of 30% on next purchase
- 100% Service Guarantee until achievement of ROI