Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Size, Industry Analysis By Segmentations, Top Key Players, Trends, Future Development & Forecast 2024-2035
- PUBLISHED ON
- 9/1/2022
- NO OF PAGES
- 217
- CATEGORY
- Electronics & Communication
The Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices market report is a perfect foundation for people looking out for a comprehensive study and analysis of the Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices market. On the basis of historic growth analysis and current scenario of Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices market place, the report intends to offer actionable insights on global market growth projections. Authenticated data presented in report is based on findings of extensive primary and secondary research. Insights drawn from data serve as excellent tools that facilitate deeper understanding of multiple aspects of global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices market. This further helps user with their developmental strategy.
This report examines all the key factors influencing growth of global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices market, including demand-supply scenario, pricing structure, profit margins, production and value chain analysis. Regional assessment of global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices market unlocks a plethora of untapped opportunities in regional and domestic market places. Detailed company profiling enables users to evaluate company shares analysis, emerging product lines, scope of NPD in new markets, pricing strategies, innovation possibilities and much more.
Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market: Major Players
Johnson Electric
SMK
Analog Devices
Immersion
Nidec Copal
Microchip
Fairchild
Visteon
Cypress Semiconductor
AAC Technologies
Alps Electric
Methode Electronics
Imagis
Bluecom
Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market: Types
Actuators
Drivers and Controllers
Software
Others
Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market: Applications
Smartphone
Tablet
Others
Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market: Regional Analysis
All the regional segmentation has been studied based on recent and future trends, and the market is forecasted throughout the prediction period. The countries covered in the regional analysis of the Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices market report are U.S., Canada, and Mexico in North America, Germany, France, U.K., Russia, Italy, Spain, Turkey, Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, and Rest of Europe in Europe, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, China, Japan, India, South Korea, Rest of Asia-Pacific (APAC) in the Asia-Pacific (APAC), Saudi Arabia, U.A.E, South Africa, Egypt, Israel, Rest of Middle East and Africa (MEA) as a part of Middle East and Africa (MEA), and Argentina, Brazil, and Rest of South America as part of South America.
Key Points:
Define, describe and forecast Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices product market by type, application, end user and region.
Provide enterprise external environment analysis and PEST analysis.
Provide strategies for company to deal with the impact of COVID-19.
Provide market dynamic analysis, including market driving factors, market development constraints.
Provide market entry strategy analysis for new players or players who are ready to enter the market, including market segment definition, client analysis, distribution model, product messaging and positioning, and price strategy analysis.
Keep up with international market trends and provide analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on major regions of the world.
Analyze the market opportunities of stakeholders and provide market leaders with details of the competitive landscape.
Years considered for this report:
Historical Years: 2016-2021
Base Year: 2021
Estimated Year: 2022
Forecast Period: 2022-2030
Base Year: 2023This report examines all the key factors influencing growth of global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices market, including demand-supply scenario, pricing structure, profit margins, production and value chain analysis. Regional assessment of global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices market unlocks a plethora of untapped opportunities in regional and domestic market places. Detailed company profiling enables users to evaluate company shares analysis, emerging product lines, scope of NPD in new markets, pricing strategies, innovation possibilities and much more.
Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market: Major Players
Johnson Electric
SMK
Analog Devices
Immersion
Nidec Copal
Microchip
Fairchild
Visteon
Cypress Semiconductor
AAC Technologies
Alps Electric
Methode Electronics
Imagis
Bluecom
Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market: Types
Actuators
Drivers and Controllers
Software
Others
Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market: Applications
Smartphone
Tablet
Others
Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market: Regional Analysis
All the regional segmentation has been studied based on recent and future trends, and the market is forecasted throughout the prediction period. The countries covered in the regional analysis of the Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices market report are U.S., Canada, and Mexico in North America, Germany, France, U.K., Russia, Italy, Spain, Turkey, Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, and Rest of Europe in Europe, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, China, Japan, India, South Korea, Rest of Asia-Pacific (APAC) in the Asia-Pacific (APAC), Saudi Arabia, U.A.E, South Africa, Egypt, Israel, Rest of Middle East and Africa (MEA) as a part of Middle East and Africa (MEA), and Argentina, Brazil, and Rest of South America as part of South America.
Key Points:
Define, describe and forecast Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices product market by type, application, end user and region.
Provide enterprise external environment analysis and PEST analysis.
Provide strategies for company to deal with the impact of COVID-19.
Provide market dynamic analysis, including market driving factors, market development constraints.
Provide market entry strategy analysis for new players or players who are ready to enter the market, including market segment definition, client analysis, distribution model, product messaging and positioning, and price strategy analysis.
Keep up with international market trends and provide analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on major regions of the world.
Analyze the market opportunities of stakeholders and provide market leaders with details of the competitive landscape.
Years considered for this report:
Historical Years: 2016-2021
Base Year: 2021
Estimated Year: 2022
Forecast Period: 2022-2030
Historic Year: 2016-2022
Forecast: 2024-2035
1 Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Definition and Overview
1.1 Objectives of the Study
1.2 Overview of Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices
1.3 Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Scope and Market Size Estimation
1.4 Market Segmentation
1.4.1 Types of Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices
1.4.2 Applications of Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices
1.5 Market Exchange Rate
2 Research Method and Logic
2.1 Methodology
2.2 Research Data Source
3 Market Competition Analysis
3.1 Johnson Electric Market Performance Analysis
3.1.1 Johnson Electric Basic Information
3.1.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.1.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.1.4 Johnson Electric Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.2 SMK Market Performance Analysis
3.2.1 SMK Basic Information
3.2.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.2.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.2.4 SMK Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.3 Analog Devices Market Performance Analysis
3.3.1 Analog Devices Basic Information
3.3.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.3.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.3.4 Analog Devices Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.4 Immersion Market Performance Analysis
3.4.1 Immersion Basic Information
3.4.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.4.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.4.4 Immersion Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.5 Nidec Copal Market Performance Analysis
3.5.1 Nidec Copal Basic Information
3.5.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.5.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.5.4 Nidec Copal Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.6 Microchip Market Performance Analysis
3.6.1 Microchip Basic Information
3.6.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.6.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.6.4 Microchip Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.7 Fairchild Market Performance Analysis
3.7.1 Fairchild Basic Information
3.7.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.7.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.7.4 Fairchild Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.8 Visteon Market Performance Analysis
3.8.1 Visteon Basic Information
3.8.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.8.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.8.4 Visteon Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.9 Cypress Semiconductor Market Performance Analysis
3.9.1 Cypress Semiconductor Basic Information
3.9.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.9.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.9.4 Cypress Semiconductor Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.10 AAC Technologies Market Performance Analysis
3.10.1 AAC Technologies Basic Information
3.10.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.10.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.10.4 AAC Technologies Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.11 Alps Electric Market Performance Analysis
3.11.1 Alps Electric Basic Information
3.11.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.11.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.11.4 Alps Electric Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.12 Methode Electronics Market Performance Analysis
3.12.1 Methode Electronics Basic Information
3.12.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.12.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.12.4 Methode Electronics Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.13 Imagis Market Performance Analysis
3.13.1 Imagis Basic Information
3.13.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.13.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.13.4 Imagis Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
3.14 Bluecom Market Performance Analysis
3.14.1 Bluecom Basic Information
3.14.2 Product and Service Analysis
3.14.3 Strategies for Company to Deal with the Impact of COVID-19
3.14.4 Bluecom Sales, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2016-2021
4 Market Segment by Type, Historical Data and Market Forecasts
4.1 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Production and Value by Type
4.1.1 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Production by Type 2016-2021
4.1.2 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value by Type 2016-2021
4.2 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Production, Value and Growth Rate by Type 2016-2021
4.2.1 Actuators Market Production, Value and Growth Rate
4.2.2 Drivers and Controllers Market Production, Value and Growth Rate
4.2.3 Software Market Production, Value and Growth Rate
4.2.4 Others Market Production, Value and Growth Rate
4.3 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Production and Value Forecast by Type
4.3.1 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Production Forecast by Type 2021-2026
4.3.2 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast by Type 2021-2026
4.4 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Production, Value and Growth Rate by Type Forecast 2021-2026
4.4.1 Actuators Market Production, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
4.4.2 Drivers and Controllers Market Production, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
4.4.3 Software Market Production, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
4.4.4 Others Market Production, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
5 Market Segment by Application, Historical Data and Market Forecasts
5.1 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Consumption and Value by Application
5.1.1 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Consumption by Application 2016-2021
5.1.2 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value by Application 2016-2021
5.2 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate by Application 2016-2021
5.2.1 Smartphone Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate
5.2.2 Tablet Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate
5.2.3 Others Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate
5.3 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Consumption and Value Forecast by Application
5.3.1 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Consumption Forecast by Application 2021-2026
5.3.2 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast by Application 2021-2026
5.4 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate by Application Forecast 2021-2026
5.4.1 Smartphone Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
5.4.2 Tablet Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
5.4.3 Others Market Consumption, Value and Growth Rate Forecast
6 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices by Region, Historical Data and Market Forecasts
6.1 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales by Region 2016-2021
6.2 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value by Region 2016-2021
6.3 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Sales, Value and Growth Rate by Region 2016-2021
6.3.1 North America
6.3.2 Europe
6.3.3 Asia Pacific
6.3.4 South America
6.3.5 Middle East and Africa
6.4 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales Forecast by Region 2021-2026
6.5 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast by Region 2021-2026
6.6 Global Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Sales, Value and Growth Rate Forecast by Region 2021-2026
6.6.1 North America
6.6.2 Europe
6.6.3 Asia Pacific
6.6.4 South America
6.6.5 Middle East and Africa
7 United State Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
7.1 United State Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
7.2 United State Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
7.3 United State Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
8 Canada Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
8.1 Canada Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
8.2 Canada Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
8.3 Canada Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
9 Germany Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
9.1 Germany Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
9.2 Germany Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
9.3 Germany Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
10 UK Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
10.1 UK Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
10.2 UK Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
10.3 UK Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
11 France Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
11.1 France Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
11.2 France Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
11.3 France Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
12 Italy Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
12.1 Italy Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
12.2 Italy Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
12.3 Italy Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
13 Spain Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
13.1 Spain Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
13.2 Spain Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
13.3 Spain Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
14 Russia Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
14.1 Russia Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
14.2 Russia Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
14.3 Russia Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
15 China Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
15.1 China Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
15.2 China Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
15.3 China Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
16 Japan Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
16.1 Japan Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
16.2 Japan Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
16.3 Japan Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
17 South Korea Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
17.1 South Korea Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
17.2 South Korea Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
17.3 South Korea Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
18 Australia Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
18.1 Australia Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
18.2 Australia Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
18.3 Australia Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
19 Thailand Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
19.1 Thailand Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
19.2 Thailand Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
19.3 Thailand Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
20 Brazil Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
20.1 Brazil Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
20.2 Brazil Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
20.3 Brazil Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
21 Argentina Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
21.1 Argentina Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
21.2 Argentina Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
21.3 Argentina Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
22 Chile Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
22.1 Chile Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
22.2 Chile Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
22.3 Chile Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
23 South Africa Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
23.1 South Africa Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
23.2 South Africa Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
23.3 South Africa Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
24 Egypt Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
24.1 Egypt Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
24.2 Egypt Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
24.3 Egypt Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
25 UAE Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
25.1 UAE Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
25.2 UAE Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
25.3 UAE Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
26 Saudi Arabia Market Size Analysis 2016-2026
26.1 Saudi Arabia Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Value and Market Growth 2016-2021
26.2 Saudi Arabia Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Sales and Market Growth 2016-2021
26.3 Saudi Arabia Haptic Technology for Mobile Devices Market Value Forecast 2021-2026
27 Market Dynamic Analysis and Development Suggestions
27.1 Market Drivers
27.2 Market Development Constraints
27.3 PEST Analysis
27.3.1 Political Factors
27.3.2 Economic Factors
27.3.3 Social Factors
27.3.4 Technological Factors
27.4 Industry Trends Under COVID-19
27.4.1 Risk Assessment on COVID-19
27.4.2 Assessment of the Overall Impact of COVID-19 on the Industry
27.4.3 Pre COVID-19 and Post COVID-19 Market Scenario
27.5 Market Entry Strategy Analysis
27.5.1 Market Definition
27.5.2 Client
27.5.3 Distribution Model
27.5.4 Product Messaging and Positioning
27.5.5 Price
27.6 Advice on Entering the Market
Quality Assurance Process
- We Market Research’s Quality Assurance program strives to deliver superior value to our clients.
We Market Research senior executive is assigned to each consulting engagement and works closely with the project team to deliver as per the clients expectations.
Market Research Process
We Market Research monitors 3 important attributes during the QA process- Cost, Schedule & Quality. We believe them as a critical benchmark in achieving a project’s success.
To mitigate risks that can impact project success, we deploy the follow project delivery best practices:
- Project kickoff meeting with client
- Conduct frequent client communications
- Form project steering committee
- Assign a senior SR executive as QA Executive
- Conduct internal editorial & quality reviews of project deliverables
- Certify project staff in SR methodologies & standards
- Monitor client satisfaction
- Monitor realized value post-project
Case Study- Automotive Sector
One of the key manufacturers of automotive had plans to invest in electric utility vehicles. The electric cars and associated markets being a of evolving nature, the automotive client approached Straits Research for a detailed insight on the market forecasts. The client specifically asked for competitive analysis, regulatory framework, regional prospects studied under the influence of drivers, challenges, opportunities, and pricing in terms of revenue and sales (million units).
Solution
The overall study was executed in three stages, intending to help the client meet its objective of precisely understanding the entire market before deciding on an investment. At first, secondary research was conducted considering political, economic, social, and technological parameters to get a gist of the various aspects of the market. This stage of the study concluded with the derivation of drivers, opportunities, and challenges. It also laid substantial emphasis on understanding and collecting data not only on a global scale but also on the regional and country levels. Data Extraction through Primary Research
The second stage involved primary research in which several market players and automotive parts suppliers were contacted to study their viewpoint concerning the development of their market and production capacity, clientele, and product line. This stage concluded in a brief understanding of the competitive ecosystem and also glanced through the strategies and pricing of the companies profiled.
Market Estimates and Forecast
In the final stage of the study, market forecasts for the electric utility were derived using multiple market engineering approaches. This data helped the client to get an overview of the market and accelerate the process of investment.
Case Study- ICT Sector
Business process outsourcing, being one of the lucrative markets from both supply- and demand- side, has appealed to various companies. One of the prominent corporations based out of Japan approached us with their requirements regarding the scope of the procurement outsourcing market for around 50 countries. Additionally, the client also sought key players operating in the market and their revenue breakdown in terms of region and application.
Business Solution
An exhaustive market study was conducted based on primary and secondary research that involved factors such as labor costs in various countries, skilled and technical labors, manufacturing scenario, and their respective contributions in the global GDP. A comparative study of the market was conducted from both supply- and demand side, with the supply-side comprising of notable companies, such as GEP, Accenture, and others, that provide these services. On the other hand, large manufacturing companies from them demand-side were considered that opt for these services.
Conclusion
The report aided the client in understanding the market trends, including country-level business scenarios, consumer behavior, and trends in 50 countries. The report also provided financial insights of crucial players and detailed market estimations and forecasts till 2028.
}})
Pricing
Select a license type that suits your business needs
Single User Access
US $3950
Only Three Thousand Nine Hundred Fifty US dollar
- 1 User access
- 15% Additional Free Customization
- Free Unlimited post-sale support
- 100% Service Guarantee until achievement of ROI
Multi User Cost
US $4950
Only Four Thousand Nine Hundred Fifty US dollar
- 5 Users access
- 25% Additional Free Customization
- Access Report summaries for Free
- Guaranteed service
- Dedicated Account Manager
- Discount of 20% on next purchase
- Get personalized market brief from Lead Author
- Printing of Report permitted
- Discount of 20% on next purchase
- 100% Service Guarantee until achievement of ROI
Enterprise User Cost
US $5950
Only Five Thousand Nine Hundred Fifty US dollar
- Unlimited User Access
- 30% Additional Free Customization
- Exclusive Previews to latest or upcoming reports
- Discount of 30% on next purchase
- 100% Service Guarantee until achievement of ROI